微软在威斯康星州的最新 AI 数据中心采用闭式芯片直连液冷，Satya Nadella 称其全年用水量与当地一家餐厅相当。微软表示该设施超过 90% 使用闭式液冷，其余部分依靠外部空气，只在最热的日子切换用水。热水被送往数据中心旁的冷却鳍片，由 172 台 20 英尺风扇吹风散热后回到服务器循环使用，全程不需要像传统冷却塔那样蒸发耗水。
Satya Nadella: Microsoft’s latest Wisconsin AI data center keeps yearly water consumption no higher than that of 1 local restaurant.
"The cooling loop is filled once and the data centre can operate effectively with zero water consumption. Daily water usage across a year is roughly equivalent to what a single restaurant would use"
The mechanism is mainly about replacing evaporative cooling with closed-loop direct-to-chip liquid cooling, so water moves like coolant inside a sealed machine rather than being boiled off into the air.
Hot GB200-class AI racks produce too much heat for normal air cooling, so cold liquid is pushed through pipes into the servers and across metal cold plates touching the hottest chips.
The liquid enters the rack cool, absorbs heat from the chips through cold plates, then exits the rack at a higher temperature and carries that heat through pipes to a huge cooling system outside the compute floor.
Microsoft says Fairwater sends that hot water to cooling “fins” beside the datacenter, where 172 20-foot fans blow air across the fins and dump the heat into the outside air.
The important detail is that the air cools the water through metal surfaces, so the water does not need to evaporate the way many older datacenters use cooling towers.
The cooled liquid then returns to the servers, repeats the loop, and keeps absorbing heat from the chips.
In older data centers, heat is often removed partly through cooling towers. Hot water meets moving air, some water evaporates, and that phase change carries heat away. Effective, but it consumes fresh water continuously.
But Firwater is a closed loop because the same coolant keeps circulating through sealed pipes: it absorbs heat from the chips, releases that heat through radiator-like fins, then flows back to the chips again.
For Wisconsin Fairwater, Microsoft says more than 90% of the facility uses closed-loop liquid cooling, while the remaining portion uses outside air and switches to water only on the hottest days.
----
From "Microsoft" YouTube channel, (link in comment)
WSJ just published a piece, on how Data centers can be a huge win for local communities. In Loudoun County, removing them could mean about $5,800 more in annual property taxes for homeowners just to maintain the same services. In Louisiana, Meta’s data-center tax revenue helped fund teacher bonuses of up to $50,000. "Data centers also generate scant pollution. Their CO2 emissions mainly stem from the natural gas plants that power them. But modern gas generators produce upward of 90% less fine particulate matter, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide than a steel mill."在 X 查看被引用的帖子
来源：@rohanpaul_ai · x.com