Google DeepMind 论文提出 CALLIOPE：让 LLM 为每篇文档打几个关键词并加噪，只保留高频关键词，再由 LLM 据此提出主题并归类文档，在严格隐私下比基于嵌入的 URANIA 主题图更清晰。在最严格隐私设置下，3 个数据集上人类评审均更偏好 CALLIOPE，最高达 76% 对 18%。该方法 token 消耗为 2 至 5 倍。
New Google DeepMind paper finds that having an LLM build topic trees from keywords, not embeddings, gives clearer topic maps under strict privacy.
Teams want to know what users ask chatbots without exposing anyone. The usual private approach clusters embeddings with added noise, and under strict privacy it returns too few clusters with weak names.
CALLIOPE has an LLM tag each document with a few keywords and adds noise so only common keywords survive. The LLM then proposes topics from them and sorts documents into those topics.
At the strictest privacy setting tested, human raters preferred CALLIOPE over the embedding-based URANIA on all 3 datasets, by up to 76% versus 18%.
The method uses 2 to 5 times more tokens. For privacy-safe usage reports, start with LLM-built topics and budget for that cost.
来源：Rohan Paul · x.com